Sunday, May 18, 2008

Psychologist in Delhi India - Child Counselling


PARENTING TIPS AND ADVICE FOR KIDS & EVERYDAY LIFE ….....

Dr. Smita Pandey Bhat
Ph.D (Clinical Psychology)

Teenage Problems
Performance Anxiety
Fear of Crowded Places
Counseling for Stammering
Children with ADD, Autism
Dyslexia Slow Learners Child
Exam Phobia & Failure in Exams
Management of Conduct Problems
Counseling for Failures in Business
Sleep Problems, Tension Headache
Stubborn Children & Conduct Problems
Psychotherapy for all Emotional Problems
Depression Causes Symptoms & Treatment
Stress Management, Anxiety Management
Management of ADHD & Learning Disability
Neurocognitive Assessment & Rehabilitation
Ways to Cope with Children Suffering from ADHD
Poor School Performance in Children & Stage Fear
Management of Obsessive, Compulsive Behavior & Thoughts
Learn to Deal with Inattentive, Hyperactive & Impulsive Kids


ATTENTION PARENTS AND TEACHERS! LEARN TO DEAL WITH INATTENTIVE, HYPERACTIVE & IMPULSIVE KIDS


Psychologist and Counselor --- Dr. Smita Pandey Bhat --- You can discuss the causes and symptoms of ADHD, as well as the prognosis and preferred line of treatment for this behavioral disorder.

You should learn about:
• Definition, clinical features and diagnosis of ADHD
• Causes and factors responsible for the development of this disorder
• Course and prognosis of ADHD, and the chances of recovery for your child
• Medical and psychological treatment of the disorder
• Ways to cope with children suffering from ADHD
• And much more!

ADHD is a disorder of the brain and behavior. It affects about 3 to 5% of children. The symptoms start before seven years of age. Global prevalence for children is approximately 5%, with wide variability dependent on research methodologies utilized in studies. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, ADHD, is one of the most common mental disorders that develop in children. Children with ADHD have impaired functioning in multiple settings, including home, school, and in relationships with peers. If untreated, the disorder can have long-term adverse effects into adolescence and adulthood.

Symptoms:
The most common symptoms of ADHD are:

Impulsiveness:
acting before thinking of consequences, jumping from one activity to another, disorganization, tendency to interrupt other peoples' conversations
Hyperactivity:
restlessness, often characterized by an inability to sit still, fidgeting, squirminess, climbing on things, restless sleep.
Inattention:
easily distracted, day-dreaming, not finishing work, difficulty listening.

Subtypes:
ADHD has three subtypes:

Predominantly hyperactive-impulsive
Most symptoms (six or more) are in the hyperactivity-impulsivity categories.
Fewer than six symptoms of inattention are present, although inattention may still be present to some degree.

Predominantly inattentive
The majority of symptoms (six or more) are in the inattention category and fewer than six symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity are present, although hyperactivity-impulsivity may still be present to some degree.
Children with this subtype are less likely to act out or have difficulties getting along with other children. They may sit quietly, but they are not paying attention to what they are doing. Therefore, the child may be overlooked, and parents and teachers may not notice that he or she has ADHD.

Combined hyperactive-impulsive and inattentive
Six or more symptoms of inattention and six or more symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity are present.
Most children have the combined type of ADHD

Causes
A specific cause of ADHD is not known. There are, however, a number of factors that may contribute to ADHD including genetics, diet and social and physical environments.

Genetic factors
Studies indicate that the disorder is highly heritable and that genetics are a factor in about 75% of ADHD cases. Hyperactivity also seems to be primarily a genetic condition however other causes do have an effect.
Researchers believe that a large majority of ADHD cases arise from a combination of various genes, many of which affect dopamine ( a chemical in the brain) transporters. The broad selection of targets indicates that ADHD does not follow the traditional model of a "genetic disease" and should therefore be viewed as a complex interaction among genetic and environmental factors.

Environmental factors
Environmental factors implicated include alcohol and tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy and environmental exposure to lead in very early life. Complications during pregnancy and birth—including - premature birth—might also play a role.

Diet
Additives
Studies have found that dietary elimination of artificial food coloring and preservatives provides a statistically significant benefit in children with
Sugar regulation
A number of studies have found that sucrose (sugar) has no effect on behavior and in particular it does not exacerbate the symptoms of children diagnosed with ADHD
Omega-3 supplement

Preliminary research suggests that Omega-3 supplementation might be effective in the treatment of ADHD; however some of the studies give conflicting results.

Social factors
There is no compelling evidence that social factors alone can cause ADHD.[ Many researchers believe that relationships with caregivers have a profound effect on attentional and self-regulatory abilities. A study of foster children found that a high number of them had symptoms closely resembling ADHD, while other researchers have found behavior typical of ADHD in children who have suffered violence and emotional abuse.

Head injury
ADHD patients have been observed to have higher than average rates of head injuries, however current evidence does not indicate that head injuries are the cause of ADHD in the patients observed

Pathophysiology
One study states that a delay in development of certain brain structures like frontal cortex and temporal lobe occurs by an average of three years of age. These structures are responsible for the ability to control and focus thinking. On the other hand the motor cortex develops faster than normal. It indicates the slower development of behavioral control and faster development for advanced motor development may cause increased attention deficits and hyperactivity.
Another study states that there is unusual thinness of the cortex of the right side of the brain, accounting for about 30% of genetic risk for ADHD. Also it has been seen that this region normalizes in thickness during the teen years showing improvement in clinical symptoms

Additionally, SPECT scans found people with ADHD to have reduced blood circulation (indicating low neural activity), and a significantly higher concentration of dopamine transporters in the striatum which is in charge of planning ahead. Medications focused on treating ADHD (such as methylphenidate) work by reducing dopamine reuptake in certain areas of the brain, such as those that control and regulate concentration. As dopamine is a stimulant, this increases neural activity and thus blood flow in these areas (blood flow is a marker for neural activity).

Treatment:
Treatments can relieve many of the disorder's symptoms, but there is no cure. With treatment, most people with ADHD can be successful in school and lead productive lives. Researchers are developing more effective treatments and interventions, and using new tools such as brain imaging, to better understand ADHD and to find more effective ways to treat and prevent it. Methods of treatment usually involve some combination of medications, behavior modifications, life-style changes, and counseling.

Lifestyle
Aerobic fitness may improve cognitive functioning and neural organization related to executive control during pre-adolescent development, though more studies are needed in this area. One study suggests that athletic performance in boys with ADHD may increase peer acceptance when accompanied by fewer negative behaviors

Medications
The most common type of medication used for treating ADHD is called a "stimulant." Although it may seem unusual to treat ADHD with a medication considered a stimulant, it actually has a calming effect on children with ADHD. Many types of stimulant medications are available. A few other ADHD medications are non-stimulants and work differently than stimulants. For many children, ADHD medications reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity and improve their ability to focus, work, and learn. Medication also may improve physical coordination.

However, a one-size-fits-all approach does not apply for all children with ADHD. What works for one child might not work for another. One child might have side effects with a certain medication, while another child may not. Sometimes several different medications or dosages must be tried before finding one that works for a particular child. Any child taking medications must be monitored closely and carefully by caregivers and doctors.

Stimulant medications come in different forms, such as a pill, capsule, liquid, or skin patch. Some medications also come in short-acting, long-acting, or extended release varieties. In each of these varieties, the active ingredient is the same, but it is released differently in the body. Long-acting or extended release forms often allow a child to take the medication just once a day before school, so they don't have to make a daily trip to the school nurse for another dose. Parents and doctors should decide together which medication is best for the child and whether the child needs medication only for school hours or for evenings and weekends, too.

The side effects of stimulant medications:
The most commonly reported side effects are decreased appetite, sleep problems, anxiety, and irritability. Some children also report mild stomachaches or headaches. Most side effects are minor and disappear over time or if the dosage level is lowered.

Decreased appetite. Be sure your child eats healthy meals. If this side effect does not go away, talk to your child's doctor. Also talk to the doctor if you have concerns about your child's growth or weight gain while he or she is taking this medication.

Sleep problems. If a child cannot fall asleep, the doctor may prescribe a lower dose of the medication or a shorter-acting form. The doctor might also suggest giving the medication earlier in the day, or stopping the afternoon or evening dose. Adding a prescription for a low dose of an antidepressant or a blood pressure medication called clonidine sometimes helps with sleep problems. A consistent sleep routine that includes relaxing elements like warm milk, soft music, or quiet activities in dim light, may also help.

Less common side effects. A few children develop sudden, repetitive movements or sounds called tics. These tics may or may not be noticeable. Changing the medication dosage may make tics go away. Some children also may have a personality change, such as appearing "flat" or without emotion.

Psychotherapy:
Different types of psychotherapy are used for ADHD. Behavioral therapy aims to help a child change his or her behavior. It might involve practical assistance, such as help organizing tasks or completing schoolwork, or working through emotionally difficult events. Behavioral therapy also teaches a child how to monitor his or her own behavior.

Learning to give oneself praise or rewards for acting in a desired way, such as controlling anger or thinking before acting, is another goal of behavioral therapy.

Parents and teachers also can give positive or negative feedback for certain behaviors. In addition, clear rules, chore lists, and other structured routines can help a child control his or her behavior.

Therapists may teach children social skills, such as how to wait their turn, share toys, ask for help, or respond to teasing.

Learning to read facial expressions and the tone of voice in others, and how to respond appropriately can also be part of social skills training.

Parenting skills training helps parents learn how to use a system of rewards and consequences to change a child's behavior. Parents are taught to give immediate and positive feedback for behaviors they want to encourage, and ignore or redirect behaviors they want to discourage. In some cases, the use of "time-outs" may be used when the child's behavior gets out of control. In a time-out, the child is removed from the upsetting situation and sits alone for a short time to calm down.

Parents are also encouraged to share a pleasant or relaxing activity with the child, to notice and point out what the child does well, and to praise the child's strengths and abilities.

They may also learn to structure situations in more positive ways. For example, they may restrict the number of playmates to one or two, so that their child does not become over stimulated.

Or, if the child has trouble completing tasks, parents can help their child divide large tasks into smaller, more manageable steps. Also, parents may benefit from learning stress-management techniques to increase their own ability to deal with frustration, so that they can respond calmly to their child's behavior.

Sometimes, the whole family may need therapy. Therapists can help family members find better ways to handle disruptive behaviors and to encourage behavior changes. Finally, support groups help parents and families connect with others who have similar problems and concerns. Groups often meet regularly to share frustrations and successes, to exchange information about recommended specialists and strategies, and to talk with experts.

Dr Smita Pandey Bhat is a Counselor and Clinical Psychologist. She has completed her M.Phil and PhD in Clinical Psychology, from Central Institute of Psychiatry (C.I.P), Ranchi. She has seven years of experience in this field at different places. She provides psychological counseling, psychotherapies like, Supportive Therapy, Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Interpersonal Therapy, Social Skills Training, Assertiveness Training etc. as per the requirement of the people. She also provides assessments like Intelligence Tests and Personality Assessments for Children as well as Adults.

The areas of problems that require her services are ranging from mild emotional problems to severe mental problems. She provides counseling to children for the problems like, lying, stealing, truancy, identity problems, low self esteem or self confidence, poor performance in school, learning disabilities, autism, attention deficit and hyperactivity problems, emotional outbursts, anger outbursts, crying spells, sadness and depression, problems regarding the choice of career, problems in sleeping etc. She also provides counseling to parents called as Parental Management Training and counsel them for good parenting strategies.

For Adults she provide services for work related stress, stress within the family, tension, anxiety, depression, low self esteem or self confidence, problems in dealing with stress or coping or making adjustments, problems in married life, problems related with sleep, boredom and stress burnouts. She also provides management for obsessive and compulsive behaviors. She teaches them techniques so that they are able to cope better in their lives and have a good quality of life.

She also provides cognitive rehabilitation to the patients of chronic schizophrenia , dementia and brain injury patients helping them to learn self help skills and help them refine their cognitive abilities like attention , memory, organization and planning etc. through cognitive retraining and other behavioral techniques.


Dr. Smita Pandey Bhat gave lectures on clinical psychology to nursing students and staff, as well as M.Phil students. She is a clinical psychologist of repute and has made appearances on several live television shows and appeared as Celebrity Guest on indiatimes.com


Dr. Smita Pandey Bhat
Clinical Psychologist

Delhi NCR, Gurgaon - INDIA


Email : dr.smitapandey@gmail.com


Url : http://consultancyindia.blogspot.com



MY BLOGS

Alzheimers Disease
Autism in Children
Chronic Pain Causes
Behavioral Problems in Children
Clinical Depression
Cognition and Fibromyalgia
Delusion Disorder
Depression Causes & Treatment
Hallucinations Treatment
Mental Illness
My Trip To Italy
Parkinson Disease
Schizophrenia Treatment
Stress Management Tips & Prevention


13 comments:

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Unknown said...

Dear Dr. Smita,

This is Heather Jones asst. editor for Epsychologist.org. We are a free publication whose sole purpose is to offer a free psychology related information to both the consumer and professional public. The publication is consistent of Regulations for Psychologists, Psychology License Psychology Books, Child Psychology and much more information on different psychological topics. You will notice one of the many articles on this topic on our homepage. If possible I would like Epsychologist.org to be included within your blog roll, offering our information as a resource to your readers. Please let me know if this addition can be made.

Thanks,
Heather Jones,
Asst. Editor,
Epsychologist.org

Arun said...

Your discussion regarding ADHD will be very helpful,according to my knowledge Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a disorder that affects millions of school-aged children,the disorder can persist into adulthood.The main symptoms associated with ADHD are: hyperactivity impulsive behavior inattentiveness,so its time to buckle up doesn't remain seated go for meditation will feel better.Thanks for your wonderful thoughts.
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deepak said...

Nice! This information is really great.

Thank you

dancilhoney said...

Thank you for contributing such a wonderful resource to help us teach our children. child behavior problem

Unknown said...

Excellent post. I believe people need to know how we can help our children change their behaviors. The post will help all those people whose children are suffering from behavioral problem. Child Behavior Problem

Unknown said...

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Mary said...

Thanks for taking the time to Share this.Different behavior charts can help your child to overcome bad behaviors and they get assistance in behavior modification by statically improving their skills to identify bad and worst things and then avoiding them from their lives. We can even amplify this process with help of multiple behavior support charts and trainings to get instant results because children frequently react and this is the liability of parents or trainer to calibrate results and manipulate them for best behavior outcome out of child behavior modification process. You could get more information through this website.
http://www.child-behaviorproblems.com/

Jurmaine Health said...

This is very nice blog and thank you so much for providing information about Psychotherapy, lifestyle, Pathophysiology etc.
Neuropsychologist Clinical Melbourne

saggi said...

Hello Ma'am,

My son has ADD and I need to get him tested again. Initial assessment was done by Roma Kumar. Would you have the testing facility available and how can we meet you.

Atul Sethi
9999915144

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Unknown said...

I think that it would be pretty tough to become a child psychologist. I know a friend who wants to practice in Wooster, OH. I think that she'll do really good at it.

f.paul said...

Clinical Psychologists, Dr Eryn Davies and Jenna Keen founded the Capital Psychology Clinic with the aim of providing best practice, evidenced based psychological services to the children and families of the Canberra and surrounding region, to ensure our community has the needed to grow and learn to its full potential.Clinical psychology child